Question 24 (15 marks)

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In your answer you will be assessed on your ability to:

*organise and communicate your knowledge and understanding effectively

* support your ideas with relevant examples

*use geographic terms appropriately

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<!--[if !supportLists]-->A)    <!--[endif]-->Explain Australia’s regional and global links with ONE nation from two of the following areas:  aid, defence, migration, trade.

Migration between Australia and Indonesia is very one sided. Recently, Australia has had an issue with people smuggling which has lead to many ‘boat people’ trying to seek refuge in Australia. The Boat people issue has become one of the major issues in Australia in the last year with it being one of the most contentious during last year’s federal election. The Government has had to come up with ways to deal with the increasing numbers of illegal immigrants and with so many the detention centres are becoming overfilled with immigrants. Immigration is all one way with some Australians moving over to Indonesia to set up beach resorts and other tourist attractions.

 

In 2008-09, Indonesia is the largest recipient of Australian aid at a value of AUD462 million.In some areas, like education, development aid to Indonesia traces back to the early 1950s commencing with scholarships funded through the Colombo Plan. Australia is providing funds to help rebuild communities in Aceh and in other disaster affected areas, and to promote economic growth across Indonesia.

<!--[if !supportLists]-->B)    <!--[endif]-->Examine the future challenges and responses for Australia to EITHER Human rights OR Reconciliation OR Future population. 

Australia, as such a young nation, is still massively increasing in polulation. With a fear of overpopulation in major cities, Australia as a nation needs to accomodate people in different ways. All over the world there are examples of countries combatting over population. There are two main ways to accomodate for population increase, these being Urban Sprawl and Urban Consolidation.

 

Urban sprawl is the concept, which allows the spreading of the city outwards. It allows more space for many single homes to be made. Urban Sprawl is advantageous as it is aesthetically pleasing and not so clustered. This creates more room for the citizens and therefore there will be less traffic and congestion. Urban Sprawl is also very good for the short-term economy. It is better for people who prefer a low-density environment where locals are more familiar with each other. An example of this would be Boston in the USA.

Urban consolidation refers to the plans to make use of the existing urban infrastructure, the growth upwards as opposed to outwards. It is a good way for urban growth as no new public infrastructure is need to be made e.g. roads, bus stops, train lines ect. More people are able to live in a smaller space causing the density of the city to be higher. It also allows business owners to gain from this e.g. Meriton and Mirvac.

An example of this would be Tokyo.

There are many negatives for both of these. Urban Sprawl for example requires new infrastructure and obviously large amounts of space. Urban Consolidation however can cause conjestion with traffic and cause a dense population. It is more of a personal choice, but I feel that both methods would be compatible with Australia.

 

 

<!--[if !supportLists]-->C)    <!--[endif]-->Outline Australia’s changing regional role and/or global role in relation to the role of non-government organisations.